Crop Production and Management

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1

here’s a summary of the crop production and management Growing healthy crops involves several steps:

1. Preparing the Soil: Farmers loosen the soil with tools like ploughs to make it airy and easier for plant roots to grow. This also helps mix in nutrients from manure or compost.
2. Sowing the Seeds: Healthy seeds are chosen and planted at the right depth and distance. Traditionally, funnel-shaped tools were used, but now seed drills ensure even sowing with tractors.
3. Manure and Fertilisers:  Nutrients for plant growth are added to the soil. Manure is a natural source, while fertilisers provide specific nutrients.
4. Irrigation:  Crops need water to grow. Farmers use canals, wells, or other methods to provide water as needed.
5. Weeding:  Weeds compete with crops for water and nutrients. Farmers remove weeds manually or use weedicide chemicals to control them.
6. Protecting Crops from Pests:  Insects and diseases can damage crops. Farmers use natural methods like scarecrows or pesticides to protect their crops.
7. Harvesting:  When crops are mature, they are collected. This can be done by hand or with machines.

By following these steps and using good practices, farmers can improve crop yields and grow healthy food.

Ncert Solutions for class 8 science chapter 1

Exercises

Q1.Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.

float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _____

(b) The first step before growing crops is _______ of the soil.

(c) Damaged seeds would ______ on top of the water.

(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and ______ and ______ from the soil are essential.

Ans

  (a) crop

 (b) preparation

 (c) float

 (d) water, nutrients

Q2.Match items in column A with those in column B.

A	B
(i) Kharif crops	(a) Food for cattle
(ii) Rabi crops	(b) Urea and superphosphate
(iii) Chemical fertilisers	(c) Animal excreta, cow dung, urine and plant waste
(iv) Organic manure	(d) Wheat, gram, pea
	(e) Paddy and maize

Ans:

1.  E
2.  D
3.  B
4.  C 

Q3. Give two examples of each.

(a) Kharif crop

(b) Rabi crop

Ans: (a) Kharif Crops (Monsoon Crops):

1. Rice: A major cereal grain crop requiring plenty of water.
2. Cotton: A fibre crop needing warm temperatures and moderate rainfall.

     (b) Rabi Crops (Winter Crops):

1. Wheat: A cereal grain crop that thrives in cooler temperatures.
2. Mustard: An oilseed crop preferring slightly cooler temperatures for good yield.

Q4. 

Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

(a) Preparation of soil

(b) Sowing

(c) Weeding

(d) Threshing

Ans: (a) Preparation of soil:  This is the foundation for a healthy crop. Farmers loosen the earth with ploughs or tillers, creating a fluffy bed for roots to spread.  This aeration also allows air and water to circulate. Often, manure or compost is mixed in during this stage, providing valuable nutrients for the growing plants.

(b) Sowing:  This is the careful placement of seeds in the prepared soil. Farmers ensure proper depth and spacing to avoid overcrowding or stunted growth. Traditionally, seeds were scattered by hand, but today, seed drills offer a more precise and efficient method of sowing large fields.

(c) Weeding:  Unwanted plants, called weeds, compete with crops for water, sunlight, and nutrients.  Regular weeding is essential to ensure the crop thrives. Farmers may pull weeds by hand, use hoes for larger areas, or apply weedicide (weed-killing chemicals) to control their growth.

(d) Threshing:  After harvest, the process of separating the grains from the stalks or pods comes into play. Traditionally, threshing involved beating the harvested plants with sticks or using animals to trample them.  Modern methods utilise threshing machines that separate the grains quickly and efficiently.

Q5. Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.

Ans: Here’s a breakdown of the key differences between fertilisers and manure:

Origin:

• Fertilisers: These are manufactured substances, often created in factories. They can be synthetic (man-made chemicals) or mined from natural mineral deposits.
• Manure: This is an organic material derived from the decomposition of animal waste (like dung and urine) or plant residues. It can be composted further to enhance its quality.

Nutrient Content:

• Fertilisers: Designed to deliver specific nutrients in a concentrated form. Common types provide high amounts of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). The exact nutrient ratios vary depending on the fertiliser type and intended crop.
• Manure: Provides a broader range of nutrients, but in lower concentrations compared to fertilisers. Manure also contains organic matter that improves soil health over time

  Q6. What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water. 

 Ans: Irrigation is the process of supplying water to land for agricultural purposes.    It’s essential for crop growth in areas with insufficient rainfall. Here are two methods that conserve water:

1. Drip Irrigation: This highly efficient method delivers water directly to the plant’s root zone through a network of tubes and emitters. Water loss due to evaporation is minimised as it bypasses leaves and surrounding soil. It’s ideal for individual plants, rows, or raised beds.

2. Sprinkler Irrigation: This system sprays water through sprinklers or rotating nozzles, simulating rainfall.  While more water is lost to evaporation compared to drip irrigation, it’s still more efficient than traditional methods that flood fields. Sprinklers are better suited for larger, open areas.

Q7 .If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.

Ans: Sowing wheat in the monsoon (kharif) season is bad. Hot temperatures, excess rain, and short daylight hinder growth, promote disease, and reduce yield. Wait for the cooler rabi season for successful wheat crops

Q8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.

Ans: Planting the same crop repeatedly depletes soil nutrients, reduces organic matter, and makes it more prone to erosion. This cycle lowers fertility and crop yields. Practice crop rotation and add organic matter to keep your soil healthy!

Q9. What are the weeds? How can we control them?

Ans: Weeds are unwanted plants stealing resources from your crops. Control them by pulling them out, mulching the soil, rotating your crops, using targeted herbicides carefully, or introducing natural enemies. 

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1

FAQ’s

What motifs are covered in NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1,” Crop production and management”?

NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 cover colorful motifs related to crop product and operation, including types of crops, agrarian practices, soil medication, sowing styles, irrigation ways, and crop protection measures.

How do NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 help in understanding crop production and management?

NCERT results for Class 8 wisdom Chapter 1 give detailed explanations and results to the generalities bandied in the chapter. By using these results, scholars can gain a better understanding of crop civilization ways, sustainable husbandry practices, and the significance of effective crop operation.

Are NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 aligned with the CBSE class?

Yes, NCERT results for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 are aligned with the CBSE class. They cover the motifs specified in the CBSE syllabus for Class 8 Science, icing that scholars admit comprehensive and accurate information.

How can scholars apply the generalities learned in Chapter crop production and management to real- life situations?

scholars can apply the generalities learned in Chapter 1 to real- life situations by understanding the principles of crop product and operation. By enforcing sustainable husbandry practices, optimizing resource application, and espousing ultramodern agrarian ways, they can contribute to food security and environmental sustainability

Are there any practical exercises or conditioning included in NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science chapter 1 crop production and management?

Yes, NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 include practical exercises and conditioning that help scholars support their understanding of crop product and operation generalities. These conditioning encourage hands- on literacy and critical thinking, enhancing scholars’ practical knowledge of husbandry.